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Submachine Gun

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German MP-40.

A submachine gun (or SMG) is any automatic weapon that fires a pistol-caliber round usually having the near close fire rate as an MG and being very compact (hence "sub" machine gun.) Originally designed for use in trench warfare, the SMG was put out of front-line favor for the assault rifle in front-line troops, but continues to see use by Special Operations and other specialty units in the military, as well as Law Enforcement agencies such as NYPD and numerous SWAT teams.

Contents

[edit] History

The History of Sub-Machine gun can trace its origins to First World War. First consisting of modified semi-automatic pistols and normally rifle-caliber machine guns, most consider the Bergman MP-18 of Germany to be the first true submachine gun. The MP-18 fired a 9x19mm Parabellum round used in the German Luger and modified C-96 pistols. Although the MP-18 did not have any significant impact on the war, it did cause a firearms revolution  Submachine guns began to be developed by most nations after the war (one notable exception was Japan, who did not produce a submachine gun design until 1942, and never in the numbers as the other combatant nations.)

During WW2, submachine guns were widely used by nearly every country on a wide scale. Typically, they were distributed to NCO's or other command elements. The Wehrmacht, for example, had one Sergeant with an MP40 leading a squad of five riflemen armed with bolt action rifles, and most likely an MG42 user or crew. A notable exception to this was the Soviet Red Army. During the war, it was possible for entire Soviet divisions to have been armed with PPSh-41 submachine guns.

After the war, submachine guns continued to be used by front-line forces until the introduction of the assault-rifle. However, submachine guns continue to be used by special operations forces, law enforcement agencies, and specialized units such as tank crews and pilots. The small caliber allows for smaller components, making a more compact firearm. Law enforcement agencies use submachine guns due to the lack of penetration compared to rifle-caliber weapons, which prevents noncombatant casualties from stray bullets tearing through walls or combatants. They have also proven to be effective in Close Quarters Combat (CQC), though most are not effective against armored opponents.

Examples of Sub-Machine guns include the German MP-40, American Thompson, Israeli Mini-Uzi, Japanese Type 100, and Russian PP-2000.

[edit] Tactics

Although in some cases SMG's can be used for long range combat, it is advised that SMG user's stick to close to mid range combat and utilize the SMG's high rate of fire as an advantage. Steady Aim can be used as a bonus in hip firing.

[edit] In Game

Submachine guns are present in all games and are encountered commonly, used as the primary automatic weapon for the majority of the soldiers in the game. The exception to this is Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, where the SMG is more infrequently encountered compared to more powerful and longer-ranged assault rifles and PDWs. They are generally very good for close combat, they are light generally meaning a player will go faster while carrying it, as well as fast reloads. There effectiveness from Medium to long range is mediocre at best, and the recoil keeps most of the sub-machine guns from being very accruate.

[edit] List of Submachine Guns

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